Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic aspects
Case studies are a useful way for you to apply your knowledge of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic aspects of pharmacology to specific patient cases and health histories.
For your assignment, evaluate drug treatment plans for patients with various disorders and justify drug therapy plans based on patient history and diagnosis.
To Prepare:
• Review the case studies (see below) and answer ALL questions.
• When recommending medications, write out a complete prescription for each medication. What order would you send to a pharmacy? Include drug, dose, route, frequency, special instructions, # dispensed (days supply), refills, etc. Also state if you would continue, discontinue or taper the patient’s current medications.
• Use clinical practice guidelines in developing your answers. Please review all Required Learning Resources. Use the Medscape app or website to complete assignment.
• Include at least three references to support each scenario and cite them in APA format. Please include in-text citations. You do not need an introduction or conclusion paragraph.
Jose is a 55-year-old truck driver being evaluated for his commercial driver’s license. He has a known history of diabetes mellitus type II. Current medications include Metformin 1000 mg Bid, Glipizide 20 mg po daily. Diltiazem 120 mg po BID. He is allergic to sulfa. Lab results show a fasting blood glucose of 325 mg/dL, HgA1C = 10.6%. Basic metabolic Profile is normal. What treatment plan would you implement for Jose? What medications would you prescribe and how would you monitor them? What education would you provide regarding his treatment plan?
Treatment Plan for Jose
Given Jose\’s history of type II diabetes mellitus and his current lab results, it\’s clear that his diabetes is not well-controlled. His fasting blood glucose level is significantly higher than the recommended range of 70-130 mg/dL, and his HgA1C is also above the target of less than 7%.
Medication Adjustments
• Metformin: Continue with the current dosage. Metformin is a first-line medication for type II diabetes and helps to control blood glucose levels.
• Glipizide: Consider increasing the dose or adding a second medication. Glipizide is a sulfonylurea, which stimulates the pancreas to release more insulin. However, as Jose\’s blood glucose levels are still high, it may be necessary to adjust the dosage or add another medication.
• Diltiazem: Continue with the current dosage. Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used for treating high blood pressure and chest pain.
Additional Medications
• Insulin: If Jose\’s blood glucose levels do not improve with the adjusted Glipizide dosage, consider starting him on insulin therapy.
Monitoring
• Blood Glucose Levels: Jose should monitor his blood glucose levels daily. This can be done at home with a glucometer.
• HgA1C: This test should be done every 3 months to monitor long-term blood glucose control.
Patient Education
• Medication Adherence: Emphasize the importance of taking all medications as prescribed.
• Diet and Exercise: Encourage a diet low in carbohydrates and regular exercise, which can help control blood glucose levels.
• Regular Check-ups: Regular visits to the doctor are important for monitoring his condition and adjusting treatment as necessary.
Medication Dosage Purpose
Metformin 1000 mg BID Control blood glucose levels
Glipizide 20 mg po daily (adjust as needed) Stimulate insulin release
Diltiazem 120 mg po BID Treat high blood pressure and chest pain
Insulin (if needed) Adjust as needed Control blood glucose levels
Please note that this is a general treatment plan and may need to be adjusted based on Jose\’s individual needs and response to treatment. Always consult with a healthcare provider for personalized medical advice.
Paper Format: APA
Number of pages: 2
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