What role does community and economic development play in recovery

I have 3 of my classmates’ posts. I need you to respond to each one separately. Also, one source at least for each one of them. Don’t write about how good their posts or how bad. All you need to do is to choose one point of the post and explore it a little bit with one source support for each response. The paper should be APA style.

The question was: Recovery is an essential part of disaster management. However, it is not well supported. I am an elected official that sees far more value in response assets than recovery needs. Change my mind on the need for recovery.

What role does community and economic development play in recovery?

This is the first classmate SA post need to respond:

Community development plays a key role in recovery based on the fact that the first responders in the event of a disaster are the communities. Community-based approaches have been in existence for a long time and it is through the evolution of the state government that new technologies have been introduced to assist communities in an organized way in the event of a disaster.

Since the communities are the first responders, the core of any risk reduction approach should be the community-based risk reduction. Community-based disaster risk management is often defined as an approach taken to reduce vulnerabilities and to strengthen the capacity of individuals so that they can effectively cope with hazards. By doing so, they aim to hasten recovery, minimize human suffering and reduce vulnerabilities while increasing the capabilities of vulnerable communities and groups for the prevention or minimization of loss and damage to life. This ensures that community participation is enhanced before a disaster occurs and they can be involved actively during the relief, search and rescue, and post-disaster recovery.

Economic development also plays a key role in recovery. It is widely known that disasters result in a very high cost of damage to families, business and governments. As a result, economic development will be deprived of funds to clean up and recover after a disaster. Disasters often damage the infrastructure leading to a series of indirect and direct losses. This will, in turn, result in a disruption of the services and production thus crippling the entire economy. As a result, most governments put into consideration economic development when developing a comprehensive disaster mitigation policy. Therefore, this measure will result in economically resilient and sustainable communities ready to recover economically after a larger-scale disaster.

References

Emergency Management Australia (2003): Community Development in Recovery from Disaster.

Australian Emergency Manual Series.

Shaw R. (2016): Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction. Oxford Research Encyclopedia

Of Natural Hazard Science.

This is the 2nd classmate ABDU H post need to respond:

Managing disaster recovery remains an integral part of helping communities handle serious emergencies. In most cases, the recovery process will involve and engage external service responders to a significant degree. Despite the fact that some people will argue that response assets have more value, recovery needs are more important. Recovery focuses on safety and wellbeing of the victims and other people affected to minimize the emergency itself. It eliminates or reduces the threat of more injuries or damages and re-establishes external services to help victims resume a normal life. Recovery tries to build social capital, special networks, and emergency response teams needed for post-disaster recovery and resilience (Sadri et al., 2018).

Community and economic development play an important role in the recovery process. The recovery and rebuilding after an emergency require local opinions, assets, and resources to establish a community-based collaborative action (Kusago, 2019). The community builds a variety of networks which connect people. Many of the people from these networks have goodwill towards other members and in some instances, they have the skills, motivation, and relationships to aid the community engagement in the recovery process. Economic development leverages private resources, together with public capital and community-based experience, to provide basic needs, drive growth, and offer opportunities during the recovery (Haddow, Bullock, & Coppola, 2017). At the early stages of post-disaster recovery, grants can help eligible organizations create economic recovery and resiliency plans for the community through funded disaster recovery coordinators. Often in parallel with planning and technical assistance, economic development helps in capitalizing or recapitalizing to provide gap financing, support new developments, finance construction of new or repair of infrastructure, as well as enhancements, to diversify economies and strengthen resilience to future disasters.

References

Abramson, D. M., Grattan, L. M., Mayer, B., Colten, C. E., Arosemena, F. A., Bedimo-Rung, A., & Lichtveld, M. (2015). The resilience activation framework: a conceptual model of how access to social resources promotes adaptation and rapid recovery in post-disaster settings. The journal of behavioral health services & research, 42(1), 42-57.

Haddow, G. D., Bullock, J. A., & Coppola, D. P. (2017). Introduction to emergency management. Butterworth-Heinemann.

Sadri, A. M., Ukkusuri, S. V., Lee, S., Clawson, R., Aldrich, D., Nelson, M. S., & Kelly, D. (2018). The role of social capital, personal networks, and emergency responders in post-disaster recovery and resilience: a study of rural communities in Indiana. Natural hazards, 90(3), 1377-1406

This is the 3rd classmate TAR post need to respond:

Recovery is the last phase of disaster management. It ensures that the society or community affected by a disaster has resumed to normalcy. Community and economic development play a critical role in this process. Whenever an accident happens, the community is the first one to learn about it. Because of this, the community is in a position to respond before government machinery. Therefore, the community acts as a first responder.Additionally, people residing in the community are the most vulnerable (Miller, 2009). For this reason, there should be adequate preparedness at the community level. When this is done, the community will be able to respond to emerging disasters quickly and adequately. This reduces the vulnerability of the community members.

Moreover, the community maintains an early-warning system. Essentially, recovery from a disaster is easy when individuals in the society are aware of an emergency. A warning system helps to ensure promote this awareness. A community needs to develop connections or networks that will maintain the early warning systems (Glarum, Birou & Cetaruk, 2010). Once the warnings produced by this system reach individuals at risk, those individuals respond to the disaster appropriately. Nevertheless, the warnings can only be adequate when there are trusted partnerships and cooperation between community leaders. The community usually participates in the recovery from disaster through community empowerment. Typically, when an emergency occurs, it is the community that feels its impacts most. In this regard, the community empowerment improves the capacity of the community to threats (Glarum, Birou & Cetaruk, 2010). Unfortunately, most of the community empowerment programs associated with disaster recovery have short-term goals. Therefore, they are not sustainable. To increase sustainability, the government and non-governmental organizations should build the local capacities of local people based on long-term goals. A community evaluates the disaster that has happened. Subsequently, it informs the recovery strategy to be used. In this regard, the disaster management team seeks the experiences of the community members. After analyzing these experiences, it comes up with decisions and plans to manage the situation (Miller, 2009).

Therefore, the community plays a major role in providing information that will be used in devising an appropriate approach for maintaining recovery. Furthermore, economic development plays an essential role in recovery from a disaster. When an emergency occurs, the economy is destroyed. Subsequently, this affects the economic well-being of society. To recover from this, the disaster management team should focus on economic development (Glarum, Birou & Cetaruk, 2010). This can be done by compensating. The damages that people have gone following the disasters. This enables people to get back to normalcy. Indeed, a community that is less economically developed is vulnerable to disaster.Economic development increases the community preparedness to disaster. Economic development improves community capacity to respond to emergencies. This is because there will be mechanisms in place to mitigate adverse events. More so, there is excellent communication among members of the community. Hence, it becomes easy to coordinate recovery processes. This implies that government and non-government organizations should focus on developing the economy of the community as part of disaster management (Miller, 2009). Indeed, a community that is economically developed is more organized and this reduces the risk of disaster. Moreover, members who are economically developed will be able to recover quickly from a disaster than those who are poor.

References

Glarum, J.F., Birou, D., & Cetaruk, E. (2010).Hospital emergency response teams: triage for optimal disaster response.Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Miller, D.A. (2009).Disaster response.Detriot: Greenhaven Press.