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GED 212 Unit 2/Unit #2 Essay Introduction to Philosophy

GED 212 Unit 2/Unit #2 Essay Introduction to Philosophy

Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)

  1. Immanuel Kant revised Bentham’s ideas by arguing for the importance of differences

in the type, kind, or quality of pleasures and pains that follow from actions.

  1. True
  2. False
  3. The most basic concept of Kant’s ethics is truth.
  4. True
  5. False
  6. Kant calls his basic moral rule the categorical imperative.
  7. True
  8. False
  9. The ultimate drawback to a teleological approach to ethics is that it allows for the

idea that “the ends justify the means.”

  1. True
  2. False
  3. In a religious approach to ethics, faith and the authority of sacred texts have the final

word.

  1. True
  2. False
  3. If an action is legal, it is also morally right.
  4. True
  5. False
  6. Jeremy Bentham writes, “Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two

sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them alone to point out what we ought

to do.”

  1. True
  2. False

Unit 2 Examination

85

Introduction to Philosophy

  1. As Bentham and Mill are classic representatives of act-oriented ethics, so Immanuel

Kant created the model for results-oriented ethics.

  1. True
  2. False
  3. Kant argues that a morally good action must have intrinsic worth.
  4. True
  5. False
  6. Plato thinks that we are made up of three parts, physical, ________, and intellectual.
  7. Spirited
  8. Emotional
  9. Truthful
  10. Consciousnesses
  11. Consider the case of a woman who is robbed and beaten. The robber escapes punish-

ment. Socrates would say__________ has been most hurt by this crime.

  1. The woman
  2. The robber
  3. Socrates illustrates his ideas about the ethical life and the unethical life with the im-

age of two wine jars.

  1. True
  2. False
  3. In the Platonic dialogue entitled the Gorgias, the character Callicles argues that best

life is one of the uncontrolled and totally self-interested pursuit of pleasure.

  1. True
  2. False
  3. Plato believes that in the unhealthy soul there is an inappropriate balance among the

three parts.

  1. True
  2. False

Unit 2 Examination

86

Introduction to Philosophy

  1. Socrates thinks that wrongdoing “is in every way harmful and shameful to the wrong-

doer.”

  1. True
  2. False
  3. Socrates thinks that unethical actions have no effect on our ability to act virtuously.
  4. True
  5. False
  6. When Socrates says that, “the unexamined life is not worth living,” he is recommend-

ing one way to avoid the harm that can come from acting unethically.

  1. True
  2. False
  3. Socrates probably sees the non-cognitive effects of vice as involving loss of the mind’s

ability to argue forcefully for the value of the ethical life.

  1. True
  2. False
  3. The notion of a social contract argues that the citizens of a society freely enter into an

agreement to abide by that society’s laws and therefore are obligated to do so.

  1. True
  2. False
  3. The first working democracy in the world was in the ancient Greek city of___________.
  4. Athens
  5. Santorini
  6. Rhodes
  7. Ios
  8. John Locke’s idea of formal consent, claims that an informal and unspoken agree-

ment is sufficient to constitute being bound by the terms of a particular social con-

tract.

  1. True
  2. False

Unit 2 Examination

87

Introduction to Philosophy

  1. Strictly speaking, the type of government that Plato recommends is an democracy.
  2. True
  3. False
  4. Plato thinks that the only kind of government worse than democracy is tyranny.
  5. True
  6. False
  7. Skinner’s society, Walden Two, is primarily an agricultural community.
  8. True
  9. False
  10. The kind of government that Plato recommends in his ideal society is a religious gov-

ernment.

  1. True
  2. False

Unit 2 Examination

88

Introduction to Philosophy

Written Assignment for Unit Two

Be sure to refer to this course syllabus for instructions on format,

length, and other information on how to complete this assignment.

Please answer ONE of the following:

  1. Describe the two major theories of ethics; what are advantages and disadvantages for

each?

  1. What do Plato and Socrates believe is the reason for humans to do the right thing?
  2. Describe the components of democracy. What are Plato’s views on democracy?
  3. Describe Skinner’s Walden Two.

 

 

……………Answer Preview…………..

Multiple Choice

  1. Immanuel Kant revised Bentham’s ideas by arguing for the importance of differences

 in the type, kind, or quality of pleasures and pains that follow from actions. True

  1. The most basic concept of Kant’s ethics is truth. False
  1. Kant calls his basic moral rule the categorical imperative. False
  1. The ultimate drawback to a teleological approach to ethics is that it allows for the

 idea that “the ends justify the means.” True

 

Essay

Question # 3. Describe the components of democracy. What are Plato’s views on democracy?

Democracy is a political system for choosing and replacing the government officials and legislation through free and fair elections. With the goal majority rule government should work it must have the initiate interest of the general population. We should effectively look for data about government authority’s crusaded plans and vote measures with a specific end goal to make more taught and educated votes. As I would see it the assurance of human privileges of all natives is the…..