Theories of perception
Two Theories of perception that offer insights into visual pattern recognition are Gestalt theory and the Constructivist approach. Gestalt theory emphasizes the brain’s innate ability to organize sensory input into meaningful wholes. It suggests that visual perception follows principles such as proximity, similarity, and closure, allowing individuals to interpret patterns efficiently without analyzing every detail (Kugel, 2011). This helps explain how we recognize familiar objects or scenes even when incomplete.The Constructivist theory posits that perception is an active process involving hypothesis testing and cognitive construction. This approach asserts that we interpret sensory information based on prior experiences, expectations, and contextual cues (Kugel, 2011). While it is more cognitively demanding, it allows for flexibility and adaptation in unfamiliar orflexibility and adaptation in unfamiliar or ambiguous visual environments.I selected these theories because they represent different mechanisms—bottom-up (Gestalt) versus top-down (Constructivist)—in visual processing. Current research increasingly supports the constructivist model as more reflective of real-world perception, particularly in dynamic and uncertain contexts such as those encountered in artificial intelligence and cybernetics (Kugel, 2011). Constructivist theory’s emphasis on internal models and feedback loops aligns with modern computational models of visual cognition.Dcognition.
QUESTION 1 Donn
The research that I started last week that provided me with information about Marr’s Computational Theory was done without looking at what we would be covering this week. As I read the discussion question, I wanted to find a theory of perception that would complement what I knew about Marr’s theory. This lead me to the Bayesian Theory of Perception, which research tends to show is a perceptional approach that works well with Marr’s theory.In fact, van Bree (2024) notes that Marr’s Computational Theory consists of a three-level framework that allows for either a top-down, bottom-up, or center-out approach for perceiving different items. The Bayesian Theory of Perception can work in tandem with Marr’s Computational Theory because as Fink and Zednik (2017) indicate the combination of perceptionalapproach that works well with Marr’s theory. In fact, van Bree (2024) notes that Marr’s Computational Theory consists of a three-level framework that allows for either a top-down, bottom-up, or center-out approach for perceiving different items. The Bayesian Theory of Perception can work in tandem with Marr’s Computational Theory because as Fink and Zednik (2017) indicate the combination of perceptional approaches may allow for the ability to better understand issues that may appear to be externalistic in nature while using probabilistic judgements to solve issues.
Dq 2 Donn
According to Sun et al. (2004) top-down knowledge is predicated on the idea that the knowledge is procedural in nature, whereas bottom-up knowledge designed to assist individuals who have a lower level of knowledge understand the procedural activities utilized by those who employ a top-down method. When a new employee starts at an organization they must first learn the hierarchy of the organization before moving on to more and more skills demanding procedures. It is only after they learn the rudimentary skills necessary to advance to more and more complex and skills orientated assignments that require them to use more critical thinkings skills that they are able to engage in more top-down thinking. This is important because as Kintsch (2005) asserts that it is acombination of both bottom-up and top-down processes that help to determine the types of mental representations that individual can form as a way to comprehend different scenarios. To me, each approach has their advantages and disadvantages. Depending on the needs of the organization a choice needs to be made between the two different approaches. And sometimes it may be necessary to utilize both approaches simultaneously as each one has its advantages and well as disadvantages. It is up to the individuals withing the organization that will facilitate the training methods that they themselves will employ to meet the cognitive abilities of their trainees.
Requirements: 150
Answer preview to Theories of perception
APA
450 WORDS
