Define and describe commonly used statistics for categorical and continuous variables
Case Assignment
Using the materials in the module homepage and in the background section, please address the following:
Define and describe commonly used statistics for categorical and continuous variables to test for a statistically significant difference between two-samples or measures (e.g., chi-square, t-tests, binomial proportions, etc.). (1 page)
What is the difference between the one-sample t-test, the two-sample t-test, and the paired-sample t-test? (1 page)
Describe a type of study for each of these three types of t-tests, as well as the variable that is analyzed with each of the three forms of the t-test. (1 page)
Assignment Expectations
Length: Case Assignment should be at least 3 pages (750 words) in length.
References: At least two references from academic sources must be included (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). You may use any required readings from this module for your two references. Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper (since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from external sources, it MUST be enclosed in quotes. The references should be cited within the text and listed at the end of the assignment in the References section (APA formatting recommended).
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your paper according to each question.
Format: APA formatting is recommended for this assignment. See Syllabus page for more information on APA formatting.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar, spelling, punctuation, and syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar and spelling impact clarity.
Your assignment will not be graded until you have submitted an Originality Report with a Similarity Index (SI) score <20% (excluding direct quotes, quoted assignment instructions, and references). Papers not meeting this requirement by the end of the session will receive a score of 0 (grade of F). Do keep in mind that papers with a lower SI score may be returned for revisions. For example, if one paragraph accounting for only 10% of a paper is cut and pasted, the paper could be returned for revision, despite the low SI score. Please use the report and your SI score as a guide to improve the originality of your work.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Achievement of learning outcomes for Case Assignment.
Relevance: all content is connected to the question.
Precision: specific question is addressed; statements, facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
Depth of discussion: points that lead to deeper issues are presented and integrated.
Breadth: multiple perspectives, references, and issues/factors are considered.
Evidence: points are well supported with facts, statistics, and references.
Logic: presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
Clarity: writing is concise, understandable, and contains sufficient detail or examples.
Objectivity: use of first person and subjective bias are avoided.
Required Reading
McDonald, J. H. (2014). Student’s t-test for one sample. In Handbook of biological statistics (3rd ed.). Sparky House Publishing, Baltimore, Maryland. Accessed at http://www.biostathandbook.com/onesamplettest.html
McDonald, J. H. (2014). Student’s t-test for two samples. In Handbook of biological statistics (3rd ed.). Sparky House Publishing, Baltimore, Maryland. Accessed at http://www.biostathandbook.com/twosamplettest.html
McDonald, J. H. (2014). Independence. In Handbook of biological statistics (3rd ed.). Sparky House Publishing, Baltimore, Maryland. Accessed at http://www.biostathandbook.com/independence.html
McDonald, J. H. (2014). Paired t-test. In Handbook of biological statistics (3rd ed.). Sparky House Publishing, Baltimore, Maryland. Accessed at http://www.biostathandbook.com/pairedttest.html
StatTrek. (2016). Hypothesis test for a mean. Retrieved from http://stattrek.com/hypothesis-test/mean.aspx?Tutorial=Stat
StatTrek. (2016) Hypothesis test: Difference between means. Retrieved from http://stattrek.com/hypothesis-test/difference-in-means.aspx?Tutorial=Stat
StatTrek. (2016). Paired sample t-test. Retrieved from http://stattrek.com/hypothesis-test/paired-means.aspx?Tutorial=Stat
Answer preview to Define and describe commonly used statistics for categorical and continuous variables
APA
906 words