How to protect GPS signals in ITS

As we know global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) play a key role in positioning vehicles on an accurate map. It is important to protect Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) from spoofing and injection of fake messages as the most dangerous attacks (i.e., most likely or most severe). Therefore, manipulating GNSS data could provoke erratic and inaccurate maneuvers, which could endanger passengers.
In this task, I am looking for different techniques that are proposed to authenticate GPS signals for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). The technique can have cryptographic authentication or any other techniques against spoofing attacks. The proposal shall sufficiently detailed to facilitate near-term implementation of GPS signals.

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It is indeed true that global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) play a key role in positioning vehicles on an accurate map. It is therefore quite important to protect against spoofing and the injection of fake messages. There are different techniques that are proposed to authenticate GPS signals for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). This paper look at a number of them and discusses how they can be effectively applied to prevent such attacks.

Navigation Message Authentication (NMA)

This system addresses the GNSS vulnerabilities as evidenced in the last one decade. An authentic GNSS is critical underpinning that is considered a building block to help overcome the challenges of the system. There is a guaranteed accuracy, reception condition, and availability due to enhanced navigability……

APA

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