Change theory refers to a comprehensive illustration and description of how an anticipated change is expected to take place
Using your Annotated Bibliography and Outline, your group will work collaboratively on the paper. Format
• Minimum of 4–5 pages, double-spaced, not including title and reference pages
• Times New Roman, 12-point font
• Left-justified only with 1 1/2 inch margins on the left side
• One-inch margins on the top, right, and bottom
• Current APA format
• Numbered pages
• Minimum of 4 scholarly articles from peer-reviewed journals. Must be less than 10 years old.
• Use block quotations for more than 40 words:
o Single-spaced with a double space separating quotes
o Indented 5 spaces from left margin
o No quotation marks
• Reference page in current APA format including active URL links (not included in page total)
• Single-space between references and double-space within the reference
• Content of your topic and/or paper (review the associated grading rubric)
o Concepts from the textbook that are related to your topic, including page numbers where the concepts may be found. Credit will only be earned for concepts supported by text page numbers (essentially, this is accomplished through integration of the relevant course content using properly formatted, current APA citations).
o Use current APA in-text citations to credit sources listed in the reference list as needed
Annotated Biblograpy:
Cook, E. J., Randhawa, G., Sharp, C., Ali, N., Guppy, A., Barton, G., . . . Crawford-White, J. (2016). Exploring the factors that influence the decision to adopt and engage with an integrated assistive telehealth and telecare service in cambridgeshire, UK: A nested qualitative study of patient ‘users’ and ‘non-users’. BMC Health Services Research, 16(1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-016-1379-5
The authors in this article not only discuss the factors that influence the decision to adopt and engage in telehealth services in the UK, but they provide a better insight for the many uses of telehealth and the benefits as well as some of the disadvantages. Cook, Randhawa & et al. (2016) states, “Better communication between referrers and patients could improve attitudes toward TC and TH equipment”(p.18). There are many factors for health care facilities to weigh when deciding if they want to use telehealth care or any equipment, in which this article discusses some of the barriers as well as advantages in making those decisions.
Lee, D., Helal, S., Anton, S., De Deugd, S., & Smith, A. (2012). Participatory and persuasive telehealth. Gerontology, 58(3), 269-281. https://doi.org/10.1159/000329892
This article concentrates on usage of persuasive and participatory telehealth. The authors presented different scenarios within the article as to how telehealth care could benefit the individuals who use the equipment. They suggested that it could help to keep the doctor more up-to-date with their health and thus be able to provide treatment in turn providing the patient with a longer, healthier life. Lee, Helal & et al. (2012) states, “Telehealth solutions have increased in prevalence and improved the quality of care by enabling the patient to take readings and measurements in the comfort of their own home”(p. 270).
Lee, D., Helal, S., & Jung, E. (2018). Persuasion-enabled telehealth system. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 35(6), 6133-6140. https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-169853
The authors touch on the power of persuasion and how we are each affected by it. They suggest individuals are greatly influenced by such things as the media, newspaper and television. The authors further discuss the advancements of technology and how these advancements have shaped our lives and provide many benefits to people including the advancements made in healthcare and particularly telehealth. Lee, Helal, & Jung (2018) states, “advances in healthcare have led to a longer life expectancy, resulting in an increasing proportion of the elderly population” (p.6134). The authors suggest further that telehealth has improved the quality of care of patients.
Standing, C., Standing, S., Gururajan, R., Fulford, R., & Gengatharen, D. (2018). Coming to terms with knowledge management in telehealth. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 35(1), 102-113. https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2443
Knowledge is purely being informed, however Standing, Standing & et al suggests that “when individual’s add meaning to information it becomes knowledge”(p.103). In this article the authors discuss not only how the knowledge of telehealth systems may help to improve the management of telehealth services, but how it can benefit the participants as well. It is suggested in this article that lack of knowledge could potentially be a disadvantage with telehealth care and by simply being educated it could greatly improve the outcomes of those services.
Outline (from what I ordered from you, although it is not in outline form):
Introduction
Change theory refers to a comprehensive illustration and description of how an anticipated change is expected to take place in a particular context. In other words, change theory can be defined as methodological planning, evaluation, and participation that various corporations are utilizing in an effort geared towards promoting social change. This theory entails the process of change adoption. In the healthcare sector, for instance, this process has been significantly utilized to influence the acceptance of telemedicine. A successful application of telemedicine within the healthcare industry commences with the process of implementation of the stipulated change. Using the different stages in the process of change adoption, medical staff willingness to embrace the new technology (telemedicine) can be influenced positively. This paper illustrates various stages as depicted in the process of change adoption, including the knowledge, persuasion, and decision stages, which are aimed at influencing change. The paper further analyses the application of these stages in real life.
Knowledge Stage
The knowledge stage refers to where a person becomes cognizant of the existence pertaining to the change being implemented, and in many instances, they become interested in comprehending functions of the change. This knowledge about change can be passed to one another by peers and colleagues or, in other instances, through advertisements and conferences. Further, an individual may be informed about the change by being exposed to a particular idea when reading an email or a blog. Those individuals involved in the knowledge stage are often change providers or current users of innovation that are to be implemented as the change. Missing this stage can lead to issues in the change adoption process. This is mainly because the critical stakeholders in an organization may have a feeling of not being consulted or informed appropriately. This can be disadvantageous during the implementation stage resulting from emotional dissonance during the persuasion stage (Rush, 2019). In a real-life situation, for instance, in the healthcare setting, when key stakeholders, including medical professionals, are not informed about a change such as telemedicine, its implementation may not be successful.
Persuasion Stage
The persuasion stage refers to the stage where various stakeholders of an organization are establishing the potential significance of adopting the stipulated change, which could be an innovation like telemedicine in the case of the healthcare industry. During this stage, the stakeholders may not only establish the potential value of the change but also exploring further its capability in order to be certain that its implementation will be beneficial to the entire organization. For example, in the healthcare setting, patients who are also stakeholders may want to establish if a particular innovation in health will be cost-effective and also improve patient care (Norris et al., 2017). During this stage, the change needs to be perceived as of absolute usefulness by the potential beneficiary or user. Therefore, various efforts can be put in place to trigger such perception; this includes but not limited to education and testimonials. Education can be used to educate the stakeholders on how the change is useful and how it can improve performance and save them a lot of costs. Testimonials, on the other hand, is a crucial way to provide supporting sentences that could be vital in altering the stakeholders’ perception of the desired change (Cobos et al., 2016).
Decision Stage
The decision stage is very vital in the entire process of change adoption. This is because this stage concludes whether the change will be rejected or adopted. For this reason, this stage, in some instances, may even require a referendum to be conducted or an input of a senior stakeholder. Although the decision obtained in this stage may be held by a single person or a small group of individuals, it is ideal to facilitate the collaboration of others in order to make them feel included during the decision stage. Additionally, the inclusion of other individuals is vital since, even after the implementation of the change, each of the stakeholders will still have the privilege of weather to use the change or not. Therefore, it is an essential step to ensure that all the stakeholders have participated in decision making, this can be achieved through a discussion in order to ascertain that they are included. In real-life situations, the board of members in a particular organization may decide to implement an innovation in the company. However, even after discussing and obtaining the final decision making, they may still choose to consult the employees to make sure they feel included (Sanders, 2016).
Conclusion
Thus, with the above in mind, it is fair to conclude that all the stages geared towards the implementation of change are vital. For instance, the knowledge stage is crucial in ensuring stakeholders are aware of the change that is to be implemented, thus creating a positive perception towards the change write from the beginning. The persuasion stage, on the other hand, plays a vital role; when all the stakeholders are persuaded about a particular change, they often accept the change and utilize it in their operations. However, if they are not persuaded effectively in this stage, stakeholders may opt not to use the change if it is an innovation in conducting their operations. The inclusion of various stakeholders in decision making makes them all feel included in the change adoption process.
References
Cobos, L. M., Mejia, C., Ozturk, A. B., & Wang, Y. (2016). A technology adoption and implementation process in an independent hotel chain. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 57, 93-105.
Norris, J. M., White, D. E., Nowell, L., Mrklas, K., & Stelfox, H. T. (2017). How do stakeholders from multiple hierarchical levels of a large provincial health system define engagement? A qualitative study. Implementation Science, 12(1), 98.
Rush, R (2019). Effective Change Management: The Five Stages of the Innovation-Decision Process. Retrieved from https://evolllution.com/technology/tech-tools-and-resources/effective-change-management-the-five-stages-of-the-innovation-decision-process/
Sanders, K (2016). Content for The Decision Stage. Retrieved from https://www.wpromote.com/blog/content-marketing/content-decision-stage
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