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Create a draft of the findings of the articles you have selected and how they contribute to our knowledge of this problem

Create a draft of the findings of the articles you have selected and how they contribute to our knowledge of this problem

Assignment 3: Review Paper—Draft of Literature Findings

Evaluate the evidence. Create a draft of the findings of the articles you have selected and how they contribute to our knowledge of this problem. Be sure to address each of the following items in your draft:

1. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each piece.
2. If the articles talk to each other (that is, if they support or contrast with one another), explain how and why.
3. What does the evidence tell us?
4. Is there another possible explanation you can think of? Based on what you have read, what is your hypothesis? In other words, what is your explanation for the findings?
5. How can you refine your question or topic even further, now that you have described the findings?

Your draft should be double-spaced and in 12 point, Times New Roman font with normal one-inch margins, written in APA style, and free of typographical and grammatical errors. It should include a title page with a running head and a reference page. The body of the paper should be at least 5-6 pages in length. Submit your paper to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

You will submit your Review Paper next week, so be sure to incorporate the feedback you receive from your instructor on this assignment into your final paper for next week. You may also want to review the following documents that are available in the area of the course:

A sample literature review,

a PowerPoint document illustrating how to set up your word processor for APA style

a “Guide for Writing a Literature Review” You did a paper last week and opioids is what you started on

For the longest period of time, the American society has been struggling to deal the problem of drugs addiction among its citizens. This has led the government to institute a wide range of measures that are aimed at eliminating the scourge of drug abuse. However, this phenomenon of drug abuse has been taking a different direction in the recent times with a sharp increase of opioids abuse in the American society. The problem of opioids abuse has resulted in a wide range of negative outcomes. The abuse of the opioid ranges from using prescription medicine for recreational purposes to overdosing on drugs such as painkillers. The main problem is that many of the drugs that are abused cannot be classified as being illegal but rather used to cure various ailments. This makes the efforts of tackling this problem much harder.

The reason why the topic of opioids abuse in America has been chosen for the literature review is due to the negative effects that have been associated with the latter. According to statistics on each given day, there are about 115 people who will lose their life as a result of abuse of the opioids in America. This means that the problem of the abuse of the opioids in the United States has serious effects on the society and the economy as well. Specifically, for this problem has been linked to a wide range of societal problems such as breaking of families. On the other hand, it has an immense economic burden on the country as a lot of capital will be used to not only rehabilitate those affected by this scourge but also in controlling it. Hence, by selecting this topic for literature review then it will shine a light on what is being done about the issue and where some improvements can be made.

References

American Society of Addiction Medicine, (2016). Opioids addiction 2016 facts and figures. American Society of Addiction Medicine, 1-3.

Angst M. & Clark J. (2006). Opioid-induced hyperalgesia: a qualitative systematic review. Anaesthesiology, 104, 570–587.

Arria A., Caldeira K., Vincent K., O’Grady K. & Wish E. (2008). Perceived harmfulness predicts nonmedical use of prescription drugs among college students: interactions with sensation-seeking. Prevention Science. 9, 191–201.

Boscarino J., Rukstalis M., Hoffman S., Han J., Erlich P., et al. (2011). Prevalence of prescription opioid-use disorder among chronic pain patients: comparison of the DSM-5 versus DSM-4 diagnostic criteria. Journal of Addiction Disorder, 30,185–194.

Brady, K., McCauley, J. & Back, S. (2015). Prescription opioid misuse, abuse, and treatment in the United States: an update. American Journal of Psychiatry, 173(1), 18-26.

Dart, R. et al. (2015). Trends in opioids analgesics abuse and mortality in the United States. The New England Journal of Medicine, 372, 241-248.

Homeland Security, (2014). America’s addiction to opioids: heroin and prescription drug abuse. Homeland Security Digital Library, 1-66.

Juurlink D. & Dhalla I. (2012). Dependence and addiction during chronic opioid therapy. Journal of Medical Toxicology, 8, 393–99

Manchikanti, L., Helm, S., Fellows, B., Janata, J., Pampati, V., Grider, J. & Boswell, M. (2012). Opioid Epidemic in the United States. Pain Physician, 15, 1-30.

McHugh, R., Nielsen, S. & Weiss, R. (2015). Prescription drug abuse: from epidemiology to public policy. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 48(1), 1-7.

………………………..Answer preview………………….

American Society of Addiction Medicine (2016) defines opioid drugs and addiction thereby allowing the reader to connect between the two. It also gives examples of opioids, including licit and illicit class of drugs. The current problem arises from the use of licit drug classes like hydrocodone, morphine, and oxycodone that are usually available as OTC drugs. Licit opioids accounted for 20,101 overdose deaths…………………………

APA

2080 words

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